Measurement of Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Elements in Sinanodonta woodiana and Corbicula fluminea In Al-Gharaf River,Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The current study was conducted in the period October 2023 to September 2024, the study aimed to measure the concentrations of some heavy metals in water and sediments and their bioaccumulation in the soft tissues of two species of molluscs Corbicula fluminea and Sinanodonta woodiana Water samples, sediments and molluscs were collected from four stations on the Gharraf River in southern Iraq and the order of the elements in the water was Pb>Zn>Ni>Cu>Cd>Cr>As and in the sediments Ni>Zn> Cu> Pb >Cr >Cd >As and in C.fluminea was Zn>Ni>Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd>As and in S.woodiana was Ni>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd>As The highest concentrations of elements were recorded in the third and fourth stations and the concentrations were in the first and second stations The results showed seasonal variation in the concentrations of elements in the water, sediments and soft tissues of molluscs in the Gharraf River, which indicates high rates of pollution in its water.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Al-Ameri, K. H., & Ali, S. (2023). WORLD JOURNAL OF CURRENT MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH ,5(2): 35-40.
Al-Jasimee, A. S., & Hussein, H. M. (2023). Estimation Of Some Heavy Metals In The Dalmaj Marsh Water, Al-Diwaniya City, Iraq. Magazine of Al-Kufa University for Biology, 15(3).
Al-Qarouni, I. H.M.. (2011). Estimation of the concentrations of some heavy metals in water and sediments and their bioaccumulation in some vertebrates Shatt al-Arab River and the Shatt al-Basra Canal in southern Iraq, PhD thesis, University of Basrah - College of Education.
Al-Saadi, H. A., Al-Lami, A. A., Hassan, F. A., & Al-Dulymi, A. A. (2002). Heavy metals water, suspended particles, sediments and aquatic plants of Habbaniya Lake,Iraq.International journal of environmental studies, 59(5), 589-598.
Al-Taher, Q. M., Akbar, M. M., & Al-Qarooni, I. H. (2020). Estimation of heavy metals in water, sediments and bioaccumulation in pseudodontopsis Euphraticus and bellamya bengalensis in Euphrates river in al-nassiriyah city/south of Iraq. Plant Archives, 20(2), 1454-1460.
Amiard, J.C.; Amiard-Triquet, C.; Barka, S.; Pellerin, J.&Rainbow, P.S (2006) Metallothioneins in aquatic invertebrates: their role in metal detoxification and their use as biomarkers. Aquat Toxicol., 76(2):160-202.
APHA (American Public Helth Association) (1995). Standard methods for examination of waterand waste water, Washington, DC 20036, 1193P.
Bielmyer-Fraser, G. K., Waters, M. N., Duckworth, C. G., Patel, P. P., Webster, B. C., Blocker, A., ... & Wiggins, C. R. (2017). Assessment of metal contamination in the biota of four rivers experiencing varying degrees of human impact. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 189, 1-16.
Forstner, U. and Wittmann, G. T. (1981). Metal pollution in the aquaticenvironment. 2nd edition, Springer-verlag, New York, 486 p.
Gilpin, D. (2006). Snails, Shellfish, and Other Mollusks. Capstone.
Huang, Z.; Zhang, Q.; Chen, J.;Zhuang,Z.&Wang, X.(2007) Bioaccumulation of metals and induction of metallo-thioneins in selected tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) co-exposed to cadmium, mercury and lead. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 21(2):101-107.
Hussein S. J. (2007) Geomorphology of the course of the Gharraf River, PhD thesis, College of Arts, University of Baghdad, 132 pages.
Jawed, S. T., Al-Taher, Q. M., & Shihab, A. F. (2022). Melanoides tuberculate as bioindicator of the heavy metal contamination in water and sediment pollution of euphrates river at thi-qar province, iraq. Health Education and Health Promotion, 10(2), 247-253.
Judith, M. C. (1974). The impact of chromium accumulation in an estuarine environment
Maltez, H.F.; Tagle, M.V.;de la Campa, M.D.R.F.& Sanz-Medel, A. (2009) Metal-metallothioneins like proteins investigation by heteroatom-tagged proteomics in tw different snails as possible sentinel organisms of metal contamination in freshwater ecosystems Analytica Chimica Acta 650: 234-240.
Mckenzie, T. (1982). Automated multielement analysis of plant material by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Varian techtron pty. Limited, Mulgrave, Victoria, Australia,36:1121p.
Palmer, D., Benezeth, P., & Simonson, J. M. (2004). Behavior of Aqueous Electrolytes in Steam Cycles - The Final Report on the Solubility and Volatility of copper(I) and Copper(II) Oxides. https://doi.org/10.2172/930698.
Patel, B. V. H. (2023). Occurrence of Heavy Metal Toxicity in Water Bodies of Ahmedabad Especially around the Industries. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 12(6), 205–211. https://doi.org/10.21275/sr23529160141
Sun, R., Gao, Y., Xu, J., Yang, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Contamination Features and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in the River Sediments around a Lead‐Zinc Mine: A Case Study in Danzhai, Guizhou, China. Journal of Chemistry, 2021(1), 9946026.
Talib J., S., F Shihab, A., & Al-Taher, Q. M. (2022). Heavy metal concentrations in water, sediments, Cladophora and two fish species from Al-Masab Alamm River, Al-Nassiriya, Iraq. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 20(4), 805-812.
Tumolo, M., Ancona, V., De Paola, D., Losacco, D., Campanale, C., Massarelli, C., & Uricchio, V. F. (2020b). Chromium pollution in European water, sources, health risk, and remediation Strategies: An Overview. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5438. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155438
Waykar, B., & Deshmukh, G. (2012). Evaluation of bivalves as bioindicators of metal pollution in freshwater. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 88, 48-53.
Yi, L. ;Hong, Y.; Wang, D. & Zhu, Y. (2007). Determination of free heavy metal ion concentration in soil around a cadmium rich zinc depos. Geochemical J., 41:235-240.